Synchrotron X-ray video of full-penetration laser welding of aluminum AA1050A

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Wagner, Jonas; Hagenlocher, Christian; Weber, Rudolf; Hummel, Marc; Beckmann, Felix; Moosmann, Julian; Graf, Thomas, 2024, "Synchrotron X-ray video of full-penetration laser welding of aluminum AA1050A", https://doi.org/10.18419/darus-3860, DaRUS, V1

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Description	The video shows a synchrotron x-ray video of full-penetration laser welding of the aluminum alloy AA1050A (Al99.5). At the beginning of the video the transition from partial penetration welding with a keyhole which is closed at its bottom to full-penetration welding with a keyhole which is opened at its bottom can be observed. The images show that the fluctuations of the capillary’s geometry during the beginning of the process result in an excessive formation of pores. During the further progress of the process a reliable full-penetration process is achieved with an increased stability of the geometry of the keyhole. A detailed analysis of this transition and its implications on the absorptance are presented in the related publication. (2023)
Subject	Engineering
Keyword	Laser Beam Welding, High-Speed Synchrotron X-Ray Imaging, Capillary Behavior, Pore Formation, Aluminum
Notes	The presented investigations were carried out in cooperation with DESY in Hamburg and with RWTH Aachen University within the framework of the Collaborative Research Centre SFB1120-236616214 “Bauteilpräzision durch Beherrschung von Schmelze und Erstarrung in Produktionsprozessen” and funded by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft e.V. (DFG, German Research Foundation). We acknowledge DESY (Hamburg, Germany), a member of the Helmholtz Association HGF, for the provision of experimental facilities. Parts of this research were carried out at PETRA III and we would like to thank F. Beckmann and J. Moosmann for assistance in using P07 EH4. Beamtime was allocated for proposal I-20191140.The sponsorship and support is gratefully acknowledged.
License/Data Use Agreement	CC BY 4.0

	1 File
	full_penetration_welding_aluminum.avi AVI Video - 102.5 MB Published Jun 4, 2024 16 Downloads MD5: e21773391657105dd416987e3988df1f	Access File File Access Public Download Options AVI Video Download Metadata Data File Citation EndNote XML RIS BibTeX

Citation Metadata

Persistent Identifier	doi:10.18419/darus-3860
Publication Date	2024-06-04
Title	Synchrotron X-ray video of full-penetration laser welding of aluminum AA1050A
Author	Wagner, Jonas (Universität Stuttgart) - ORCID: 0000-0002-9906-3911 Hagenlocher, Christian (Universität Stuttgart) - ORCID: 0000-0003-2929-9723 Weber, Rudolf (Universität Stuttgart) - ORCID: 0000-0001-8779-2343 Hummel, Marc (RWTH Aachen University) - ORCID: 0000-0002-9097-9843 Beckmann, Felix (Helmholtz-Zentrum Hereon) Moosmann, Julian (Helmholtz-Zentrum Hereon) Graf, Thomas (Universität Stuttgart) - ORCID: 0000-0002-8466-073X
Point of Contact	Use email button above to contact. Hagenlocher, Christian (Universität Stuttgart)
Description	The video shows a synchrotron x-ray video of full-penetration laser welding of the aluminum alloy AA1050A (Al99.5). At the beginning of the video the transition from partial penetration welding with a keyhole which is closed at its bottom to full-penetration welding with a keyhole which is opened at its bottom can be observed. The images show that the fluctuations of the capillary’s geometry during the beginning of the process result in an excessive formation of pores. During the further progress of the process a reliable full-penetration process is achieved with an increased stability of the geometry of the keyhole. A detailed analysis of this transition and its implications on the absorptance are presented in the related publication. (2023)
Subject	Engineering
Keyword	Laser Beam Welding https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q937468 (Wikidata) High-Speed Synchrotron X-Ray Imaging Capillary Behavior Pore Formation Aluminum https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q663 (Wikidata)
Notes	The presented investigations were carried out in cooperation with DESY in Hamburg and with RWTH Aachen University within the framework of the Collaborative Research Centre SFB1120-236616214 “Bauteilpräzision durch Beherrschung von Schmelze und Erstarrung in Produktionsprozessen” and funded by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft e.V. (DFG, German Research Foundation). We acknowledge DESY (Hamburg, Germany), a member of the Helmholtz Association HGF, for the provision of experimental facilities. Parts of this research were carried out at PETRA III and we would like to thank F. Beckmann and J. Moosmann for assistance in using P07 EH4. Beamtime was allocated for proposal I-20191140.The sponsorship and support is gratefully acknowledged.
Funding Information	DFG: 389369540 DFG: 398552773
Project	LEinA (389369540) Herinesp2 (398552773)
Depositor	Hagenlocher, Christian
Deposit Date	2023-12-22

Process Metadata

Processing Methods	X-Ray Illumination (The X-ray imaging system consisted of the DESY-synchrotron providing the X-ray source, a scintillator, and a high-speed camera.) ; Parameters: Photon energy High-speed synchrotron X-ray imaging (The presented cutting process was observed by high speed X-ray imaging in side-view at a frame rate of 1000 fps, with a spatial resolution of 256 pixels/mm and an image size of 1024 x 1024 pixels, resulting in an exposed area of approximately 3 mm in diameter.) ; Parameters: Frame rate; Spatial resolution; Image width; Image height; Exposure time
Method Parameters	frame rate [Hz] : 1000 Spatial resolution [pixel/mm] : 260 Image width [Pixel] : 1024 Image width [Pixel] : 1024 Photon energy [keV] : 37.7 Exposure time [s] : 0.001
Software	ImageJ Version Version: 1.54 (https://imagej.net/) (Schneider, C. A., Rasband, W. S., & Eliceiri, K. W. (2012). NIH Image to ImageJ: 25 years of image analysis. Nature Methods, 9(7), 671-675. doi:10.1038/nmeth.2089)
Instruments	Petra3, P07 EH4 (Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY) , Location: Hamburg TruDisk5000 (Laser source) Photron SA5 (High-speed camera)
Processing Steps	Postprocessing ; Methods: flat-field correction ; Software: ImageJ 1.54f

Engineering Metadata

Controlled Variables	Laser power [W] : 1200 Wavelength [nm] : 1030 Beam waist diameter [µm] : 102 Feed rate [m/min] : 6 Fiber diameter [µm] : 50 Sample width [mm] : 3 Sample length [mm] : 100 Beam waist position [mm] : 0 Sample height [mm] : 30

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